In 2001 the world total primary energy supply was 10,038 million ton oil equivalent ( toe ). Of which 13.5%, or 1352 million toe, was produced by renewable energy sources. This compares to 35% for oil, 23.4% for coal, 21.2% for natural gas, and 6.9% for nuclear energy. For renewable energy of 1352 million toe, 220 million toe shared by hydropower, 1080 million toe shared by biomass and combustible wastes and 52 million toe shared by the others ( such as wind, solar, tidal, geothermal energy ).
Since 1990, renewable energy sources have grown continuously wish the average annual rate of 1.7%, which is slightly higher than the growth rate of world total primary energy pupply ( TPES ) of 1.4% perannum. The expansion of renewable energy sources can be classified as followed: 1.7% for the rate of hydropower expansion, 2.3% for that of geothermal energy, 1.5% for that of biomass, 7.6% for those of biofuels, municipal wastes and biogas, and 19.1% for those of wind, solar, and tidal energy. From the above data, it points out that the expansion of renewable energy consumption can cope with that of world energy consumption. However, when it was considered into details, it was found that only 0.8% is annual rate of renewable energy expansion for electicity generation, while the annual rate electicity generation expansion is 2.1%.
Electicity generation by renewable energy grew on average 1.9% per annum worldwide, which was slower than total electicity generation, at 2.5%. For the last decade, the growth rate of renewable energy was slower due to the slow growth of hydropower in OECD countries,which produce approximately half of the global renewable electicity (50%). the growth rate of renewable electicity generation of OECD countries was only 0.8%, while the growth rate in non-OECD is 3.1%.
For the use of biomass, OECD countries employed biomass 22.5% of total biomass used. The rest, 77.5%, was employed by the non- OECD countries such as south Asia , Africa near Sahara where biomass is used for food preparation and heating. the Africa countries produce biomass 23.9% of world biomass supply and consume 5.1% of TPES. During the last decade, the OECD countries increase the use of biomass for power generation from 59.5 TWh to 79.6 TWh, with the annual growth rate of 2.7%.
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